Scientists using data from the Cassini spacecraft have discovered something unusual about the shadow cast on Saturn by its rings. Cassini was sent crashing into Saturn in September as its mission came to an end. However, in its final months, it dipped to between 2,600 and 4,000 kilometers (1,600 and 2,500 miles) above the planet to gather invaluable science. Research conducted by scientists in Sweden and the US, and published in Science , looked at data from this period. And they found that the shadow of the ring, which Cassini flew through, was having a direct effect on the ionosphere of Saturn – its upper atmosphere. “The ionosphere is surprisingly variable and structured on small scales,” a short statement from the team read. “One reason for that is shadows cast by the rings, which block ultraviolet radiation from the Sun, thereby reducing the ionization in those regions.” On these passes, the Radio and Plasma Wave Science instrumen...
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